/*
Copyright (C) 1996-2001 Id Software, Inc.
Copyright (C) 2002-2009 John Fitzgibbons and others
Copyright (C) 2010-2014 QuakeSpasm developers

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.

*/
// sv_phys.c

#include "quakedef.h"

/*


pushmove objects do not obey gravity, and do not interact with each other or trigger fields, but block normal movement and push normal objects when they move.

onground is set for toss objects when they come to a complete rest.  it is set for steping or walking objects

doors, plats, etc are SOLID_BSP, and MOVETYPE_PUSH
bonus items are SOLID_TRIGGER touch, and MOVETYPE_TOSS
corpses are SOLID_NOT and MOVETYPE_TOSS
crates are SOLID_BBOX and MOVETYPE_TOSS
walking monsters are SOLID_SLIDEBOX and MOVETYPE_STEP
flying/floating monsters are SOLID_SLIDEBOX and MOVETYPE_FLY

solid_edge items only clip against bsp models.

*/

cvar_t sv_friction = {"sv_friction", "4", CVAR_NOTIFY | CVAR_SERVERINFO};
cvar_t sv_stopspeed = {"sv_stopspeed", "100", CVAR_NONE};
cvar_t sv_gravity = {"sv_gravity", "800", CVAR_NOTIFY | CVAR_SERVERINFO};
cvar_t sv_maxvelocity = {"sv_maxvelocity", "2000", CVAR_NONE};
cvar_t sv_nostep = {"sv_nostep", "0", CVAR_NONE};
cvar_t sv_freezenonclients = {"sv_freezenonclients", "0", CVAR_NONE};
cvar_t sv_gameplayfix_spawnbeforethinks = {"sv_gameplayfix_spawnbeforethinks", "0", CVAR_NONE};
cvar_t sv_gameplayfix_bouncedownslopes = {"sv_gameplayfix_bouncedownslopes", "1", CVAR_NONE}; // fixes grenades making horrible noises on slopes.
cvar_t sv_fastpushmove = {"sv_fastpushmove", "1", CVAR_ARCHIVE};							  // 0=old SV_PushMove processing; 1= faster SV_PushMove, (default)

#define MOVE_EPSILON 0.01

static void SV_Physics_Toss (edict_t *ent);

// For usage by SV_PushMove, allocate at max possible size,
// fine to be static because all SV_phys is only called from the main thread.
static edict_t *pushable_ent_cache[MAX_EDICTS];
static int		num_pushable_ent_cache;

/*
================
SV_CheckAllEnts
================
*/
void SV_CheckAllEnts (void)
{
	int		 e;
	edict_t *check;

	// see if any solid entities are inside the final position
	check = NEXT_EDICT (qcvm->edicts);
	for (e = 1; e < qcvm->num_edicts; e++, check = NEXT_EDICT (check))
	{
		if (check->free)
			continue;
		if (check->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_PUSH || check->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_NONE || check->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_NOCLIP)
			continue;

		if (SV_TestEntityPosition (check))
			Con_Printf ("entity in invalid position\n");
	}
}

/*
================
SV_CheckVelocity
================
*/
void SV_CheckVelocity (edict_t *ent)
{
	int i;

	//
	// bound velocity
	//
	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
	{
		if (IS_NAN (ent->v.velocity[i]))
		{
			Con_DPrintf ("Got a NaN velocity on %s\n", PR_GetString (ent->v.classname));
			ent->v.velocity[i] = 0;
		}
		if (IS_NAN (ent->v.origin[i]))
		{
			Con_DPrintf ("Got a NaN origin on %s\n", PR_GetString (ent->v.classname));
			ent->v.origin[i] = 0;
		}
		if (ent->v.velocity[i] > sv_maxvelocity.value)
			ent->v.velocity[i] = sv_maxvelocity.value;
		else if (ent->v.velocity[i] < -sv_maxvelocity.value)
			ent->v.velocity[i] = -sv_maxvelocity.value;
	}
}

/*
=============
SV_RunThink

Runs thinking code if time.  There is some play in the exact time the think
function will be called, because it is called before any movement is done
in a frame.  Not used for pushmove objects, because they must be exact.
Returns false if the entity removed itself.
=============
*/
static qboolean SV_RunThink (edict_t *ent)
{
	float thinktime;

	thinktime = ent->v.nextthink;
	if (thinktime <= 0 || thinktime > qcvm->time + host_frametime)
		return true;

	if (thinktime < qcvm->time)
		thinktime = qcvm->time; // don't let things stay in the past.
								// it is possible to start that way
								// by a trigger with a local time.

	ent->oldthinktime = thinktime;
	ent->oldframe = ent->v.frame; // johnfitz

	ent->v.nextthink = 0;
	pr_global_struct->time = thinktime;
	pr_global_struct->self = EDICT_TO_PROG (ent);
	pr_global_struct->other = EDICT_TO_PROG (qcvm->edicts);
	PR_ExecuteProgram (ent->v.think);

	ent->lastthink = 0;
	if (!ent->free && ent->v.groundentity && ent->v.nextthink > 0 && ent->v.nextthink - thinktime < 0.105f &&
		ent->v.groundentity <= (qcvm->num_edicts - 1) * qcvm->edict_size)
	{
		edict_t *pusher = PROG_TO_EDICT (ent->v.groundentity);
		if (!pusher->free)
		{
			float pusher_remaining = pusher->v.nextthink - pusher->v.ltime;
			if (pusher_remaining > 0)
			{
				float time = q_min ((int)((ent->v.nextthink - qcvm->time) / host_frametime) * host_frametime, pusher_remaining);
				for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
				{
					ent->predthinkpos[i] = ent->v.origin[i] + pusher->v.velocity[i] * time;
					if (pusher->v.velocity[i] != 0.0f)
						ent->lastthink = thinktime;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	return !ent->free;
}

/*
==================
SV_Impact

Two entities have touched, so run their touch functions
==================
*/
static void SV_Impact (edict_t *e1, edict_t *e2)
{
	assert (!e1->free && !e2->free);

	int old_self, old_other;

	old_self = pr_global_struct->self;
	old_other = pr_global_struct->other;

	pr_global_struct->time = qcvm->time;

	if (e1->v.touch && e1->v.solid != SOLID_NOT)
	{
		pr_global_struct->self = EDICT_TO_PROG (e1);
		pr_global_struct->other = EDICT_TO_PROG (e2);
		PR_ExecuteProgram (e1->v.touch);
	}

	// PR_ExecuteProgram can have side effects on e1, e2 (like freeing) so only execute the next one if
	// e1,e2 are still valid
	// TBC : why managing impact e1 => e2 AND e2 => e1 in this call ?
	if (!e1->free && !e2->free && e2->v.touch && e2->v.solid != SOLID_NOT)
	{
		pr_global_struct->self = EDICT_TO_PROG (e2);
		pr_global_struct->other = EDICT_TO_PROG (e1);
		PR_ExecuteProgram (e2->v.touch);
	}

	pr_global_struct->self = old_self;
	pr_global_struct->other = old_other;
}

/*
==================
ClipVelocity

Slide off of the impacting object
returns the blocked flags (1 = floor, 2 = step / wall)
==================
*/
#define STOP_EPSILON 0.1

static int ClipVelocity (vec3_t in, vec3_t normal, vec3_t out, float overbounce)
{
	float backoff;
	float change;
	int	  i, blocked;

	blocked = 0;
	if (normal[2] > 0)
		blocked |= 1; // floor
	if (!normal[2])
		blocked |= 2; // step

	backoff = DotProduct (in, normal) * overbounce;

	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
	{
		change = normal[i] * backoff;
		out[i] = in[i] - change;
		if (out[i] > -STOP_EPSILON && out[i] < STOP_EPSILON)
			out[i] = 0;
	}

	return blocked;
}

/*
============
SV_FlyMove

The basic solid body movement clip that slides along multiple planes
Returns the clipflags if the velocity was modified (hit something solid)
1 = floor
2 = wall / step
4 = dead stop
If steptrace is not NULL, the trace of any vertical wall hit will be stored
============
*/
#define MAX_CLIP_PLANES 5
static int SV_FlyMove (edict_t *ent, float time, trace_t *steptrace)
{
	int		bumpcount, numbumps;
	vec3_t	dir;
	float	d;
	int		numplanes;
	vec3_t	planes[MAX_CLIP_PLANES];
	vec3_t	primal_velocity, original_velocity, new_velocity;
	int		i, j;
	trace_t trace;
	vec3_t	end;
	float	time_left;
	int		blocked;

	numbumps = 4;

	blocked = 0;
	VectorCopy (ent->v.velocity, original_velocity);
	VectorCopy (ent->v.velocity, primal_velocity);
	VectorCopy (ent->v.velocity, new_velocity);
	numplanes = 0;

	time_left = time;

	for (bumpcount = 0; bumpcount < numbumps; bumpcount++)
	{
		if (!ent->v.velocity[0] && !ent->v.velocity[1] && !ent->v.velocity[2])
			break;

		for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
			end[i] = ent->v.origin[i] + time_left * ent->v.velocity[i];

		trace = SV_Move (ent->v.origin, ent->v.mins, ent->v.maxs, end, false, ent);

		if (trace.allsolid)
		{ // entity is trapped in another solid
			VectorCopy (vec3_origin, ent->v.velocity);
			return 3;
		}

		if (trace.fraction > 0)
		{ // actually covered some distance
			VectorCopy (trace.endpos, ent->v.origin);
			VectorCopy (ent->v.velocity, original_velocity);
			numplanes = 0;
		}

		if (trace.fraction == 1)
			break; // moved the entire distance

		if (!trace.ent)
			Sys_Error ("SV_FlyMove: !trace.ent");

		if (trace.plane.normal[2] > 0.7)
		{
			blocked |= 1; // floor
			if (trace.ent->v.solid == SOLID_BSP)
			{
				ent->v.flags = (int)ent->v.flags | FL_ONGROUND;
				ent->v.groundentity = EDICT_TO_PROG (trace.ent);
			}
		}
		if (!trace.plane.normal[2])
		{
			blocked |= 2; // step
			if (steptrace)
				*steptrace = trace; // save for player extrafriction
		}

		//
		// run the impact function
		//
		assert (!ent->free);

		SV_Impact (ent, trace.ent);
		if (ent->free)
			break; // removed by the impact function

		time_left -= time_left * trace.fraction;

		// cliped to another plane
		if (numplanes >= MAX_CLIP_PLANES)
		{ // this shouldn't really happen
			VectorCopy (vec3_origin, ent->v.velocity);
			return 3;
		}

		VectorCopy (trace.plane.normal, planes[numplanes]);
		numplanes++;

		//
		// modify original_velocity so it parallels all of the clip planes
		//
		for (i = 0; i < numplanes; i++)
		{
			ClipVelocity (original_velocity, planes[i], new_velocity, 1);
			for (j = 0; j < numplanes; j++)
				if (j != i)
				{
					if (DotProduct (new_velocity, planes[j]) < 0)
						break; // not ok
				}
			if (j == numplanes)
				break;
		}

		if (i != numplanes)
		{ // go along this plane
			VectorCopy (new_velocity, ent->v.velocity);
		}
		else
		{ // go along the crease
			if (numplanes != 2)
			{
				//				Con_Printf ("clip velocity, numplanes == %i\n",numplanes);
				VectorCopy (vec3_origin, ent->v.velocity);
				return 7;
			}
			CrossProduct (planes[0], planes[1], dir);
			d = DotProduct (dir, ent->v.velocity);
			VectorScale (dir, d, ent->v.velocity);
		}

		//
		// if original velocity is against the original velocity, stop dead
		// to avoid tiny occilations in sloping corners
		//
		if (DotProduct (ent->v.velocity, primal_velocity) <= 0)
		{
			VectorCopy (vec3_origin, ent->v.velocity);
			return blocked;
		}
	}

	return blocked;
}

/*
============
SV_AddGravity

============
*/
static void SV_AddGravity (edict_t *ent)
{
	float	ent_gravity;
	eval_t *val;

	val = GetEdictFieldValue (ent, ED_FindFieldOffset ("gravity"));
	if (val && val->_float)
		ent_gravity = val->_float;
	else
		ent_gravity = 1.0;

	ent->v.velocity[2] -= ent_gravity * sv_gravity.value * host_frametime;
}

/*
===============================================================================

PUSHMOVE

===============================================================================
*/

/*
============
SV_PushEntity

Does not change the entities velocity at all
============
*/
static trace_t SV_PushEntity (edict_t *ent, vec3_t push)
{
	trace_t trace;
	vec3_t	end;

	VectorAdd (ent->v.origin, push, end);

	if (ent->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_FLYMISSILE)
		trace = SV_Move (ent->v.origin, ent->v.mins, ent->v.maxs, end, MOVE_MISSILE, ent);
	else if (ent->v.solid == SOLID_TRIGGER || ent->v.solid == SOLID_NOT)
		// only clip against bmodels
		trace = SV_Move (ent->v.origin, ent->v.mins, ent->v.maxs, end, MOVE_NOMONSTERS, ent);
	else
		trace = SV_Move (ent->v.origin, ent->v.mins, ent->v.maxs, end, MOVE_NORMAL, ent);

	if (trace.ent)
		assert (!trace.ent->free);

	VectorCopy (trace.endpos, ent->v.origin);

	SV_LinkEdict (ent, true);

	// SV_LinkEdict(true) could have freed ent calling its touch program,
	// and also through calling SV_Touch_Links () internally could also free trace.ent.
	if (!ent->free && trace.ent && !trace.ent->free)
		SV_Impact (ent, trace.ent);

	return trace;
}

/*
============
SV_PushMove
============
*/
cvar_t sv_gameplayfix_elevators = {"sv_gameplayfix_elevators", "2", CVAR_ARCHIVE}; // 0=off; 1=clients only; 2=all entities

static void SV_PushMove (edict_t *pusher, float movetime)
{
	int		 i;
	edict_t *check, *block;
	vec3_t	 mins, maxs, move;
	vec3_t	 entorig, pushorig;
	int		 num_moved;
	float	 solid_backup;

	// fine to be a static temporary because SV_PushMove is only called from the main thread,
	// without consuming stack space.
	static edict_t *moved_edict[MAX_EDICTS];
	static vec3_t	moved_from[MAX_EDICTS];

	if (!pusher->v.velocity[0] && !pusher->v.velocity[1] && !pusher->v.velocity[2])
	{
		pusher->v.ltime += movetime;
		return;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
	{
		move[i] = pusher->v.velocity[i] * movetime;
		mins[i] = pusher->v.absmin[i] + move[i];
		maxs[i] = pusher->v.absmax[i] + move[i];
	}

	VectorCopy (pusher->v.origin, pushorig);

	// move the pusher to it's final position

	VectorAdd (pusher->v.origin, move, pusher->v.origin);
	pusher->v.ltime += movetime;
	SV_LinkEdict (pusher, false);

	// see if any solid entities are inside the final position
	num_moved = 0;

	const bool fast_pushers = (sv_fastpushmove.value > 0.f);

	int e = -1;

	// beware, we skip entity 0:
	check = NEXT_EDICT (qcvm->edicts);

	while (true)
	{
		if (e >= (fast_pushers ? num_pushable_ent_cache - 1 : qcvm->num_edicts - 1 - 1))
			break;

		e++;

		if (fast_pushers)
		{
			check = pushable_ent_cache[e];
		}
		else if (e > 0)
		{
			check = NEXT_EDICT (check);
		}

		if (check->free)
			continue;

		if (check->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_PUSH || check->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_NONE || check->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_NOCLIP)
			continue;

		qboolean riding = false;

		// if the entity is standing on the pusher, it will definately be moved
		if (!(((int)check->v.flags & FL_ONGROUND) && PROG_TO_EDICT (check->v.groundentity) == pusher))
		{
			if (check->v.absmin[0] >= maxs[0] || check->v.absmin[1] >= maxs[1] || check->v.absmin[2] >= maxs[2] || check->v.absmax[0] <= mins[0] ||
				check->v.absmax[1] <= mins[1] || check->v.absmax[2] <= mins[2])
				continue;

			// see if the ent's bbox is inside the pusher's final position
			if (pusher->v.skin < 0)
			{ // a more precise check...
				if (!SV_ClipMoveToEntity (pusher, check->v.origin, check->v.mins, check->v.maxs, check->v.origin, CONTENTMASK_ANYSOLID).startsolid)
					continue;
			}
			else
			{
				if (!SV_TestEntityPosition (check))
					continue;

				riding = false;
			}
		}
		else
			riding = true;

		// remove the onground flag for non-players
		if (check->v.movetype != MOVETYPE_WALK)
			check->v.flags = (int)check->v.flags & ~FL_ONGROUND;

		VectorCopy (check->v.origin, entorig);
		VectorCopy (check->v.origin, moved_from[num_moved]);
		moved_edict[num_moved] = check;
		num_moved++;

		// QIP fix for end.bsp
		solid_backup = pusher->v.solid;
		if (solid_backup == SOLID_BSP		   // everything that blocks: bsp models = map brushes = doors, plats, etc.
			|| solid_backup == SOLID_BBOX	   // normally boxes
			|| solid_backup == SOLID_SLIDEBOX) // normally monsters
		{
			// try moving the contacted entity
			pusher->v.solid = SOLID_NOT;
			SV_PushEntity (check, move);

			// if it is still inside the pusher, block
			if (pusher->v.skin < 0)
			{ // if it has forced contents then do things in a slightly different order, so water can push properly.
				block = SV_TestEntityPosition (check);
				pusher->v.solid = solid_backup;
			}
			else
			{
				pusher->v.solid = solid_backup;
				block = SV_TestEntityPosition (check);
			}
		}
		else
			block = NULL;
		if (block)
		{ // fail the move
			if (check->v.mins[0] == check->v.maxs[0])
				continue;

			if (check->v.solid == SOLID_NOT || check->v.solid == SOLID_TRIGGER)
			{ // corpse
				check->v.mins[0] = check->v.mins[1] = 0;
				VectorCopy (check->v.mins, check->v.maxs);
				continue;
			}

			// try moving the entity up a bit if it's blocked by the pusher while also standing on it
			if (riding && block == pusher && (sv_gameplayfix_elevators.value >= 2.f || (sv_gameplayfix_elevators.value && e <= svs.maxclients)))
			{
				check->v.origin[2] += DIST_EPSILON;
				if (!SV_TestEntityPosition (check))
					continue;
			}

			VectorCopy (entorig, check->v.origin);
			SV_LinkEdict (check, true);

			VectorCopy (pushorig, pusher->v.origin);
			SV_LinkEdict (pusher, false);
			pusher->v.ltime -= movetime;

			// if the pusher has a "blocked" function, call it
			// otherwise, just stay in place until the obstacle is gone
			if (pusher->v.blocked)
			{
				pr_global_struct->self = EDICT_TO_PROG (pusher);
				pr_global_struct->other = EDICT_TO_PROG (check);
				PR_ExecuteProgram (pusher->v.blocked);
			}

			// move back any entities we already moved
			for (i = 0; i < num_moved; i++)
			{
				VectorCopy (moved_from[i], moved_edict[i]->v.origin);
				SV_LinkEdict (moved_edict[i], false);
			}
			break;
		}
	}
}

/*
================
SV_Physics_Pusher

================
*/
static void SV_Physics_Pusher (edict_t *ent)
{
	float thinktime;
	float oldltime;
	float movetime;

	oldltime = ent->v.ltime;

	thinktime = ent->v.nextthink;
	if (thinktime < ent->v.ltime + host_frametime)
	{
		movetime = thinktime - ent->v.ltime;
		if (movetime < 0)
			movetime = 0;
	}
	else
		movetime = host_frametime;

	if (movetime)
	{
		SV_PushMove (ent, movetime); // advances ent->v.ltime if not blocked
	}

	if (thinktime > oldltime && thinktime <= ent->v.ltime)
	{
		ent->v.nextthink = 0;
		pr_global_struct->time = qcvm->time;
		pr_global_struct->self = EDICT_TO_PROG (ent);
		pr_global_struct->other = EDICT_TO_PROG (qcvm->edicts);
		PR_ExecuteProgram (ent->v.think);
	}
}

/*
===============================================================================

CLIENT MOVEMENT

===============================================================================
*/

/*
=============
SV_CheckStuck

This is a big hack to try and fix the rare case of getting stuck in the world
clipping hull.
=============
*/
static void SV_CheckStuck (edict_t *ent)
{
	int	   i, j;
	int	   z;
	vec3_t org;

	if (!SV_TestEntityPosition (ent))
	{
		VectorCopy (ent->v.origin, ent->v.oldorigin);
		return;
	}

	VectorCopy (ent->v.origin, org);
	VectorCopy (ent->v.oldorigin, ent->v.origin);
	if (!SV_TestEntityPosition (ent))
	{
		Con_DPrintf ("Unstuck.\n");
		SV_LinkEdict (ent, true);
		return;
	}

	for (z = 0; z < 18; z++)
		for (i = -1; i <= 1; i++)
			for (j = -1; j <= 1; j++)
			{
				ent->v.origin[0] = org[0] + i;
				ent->v.origin[1] = org[1] + j;
				ent->v.origin[2] = org[2] + z;
				if (!SV_TestEntityPosition (ent))
				{
					Con_DPrintf ("Unstuck.\n");
					SV_LinkEdict (ent, true);
					return;
				}
			}

	VectorCopy (org, ent->v.origin);
	Con_DPrintf ("player is stuck.\n");
}

/*
=============
SV_CheckWater
=============
*/
static qboolean SV_CheckWater (edict_t *ent)
{
	vec3_t point;
	int	   cont;

	point[0] = ent->v.origin[0];
	point[1] = ent->v.origin[1];
	point[2] = ent->v.origin[2] + ent->v.mins[2] + 1;

	ent->v.waterlevel = 0;
	ent->v.watertype = CONTENTS_EMPTY;
	cont = SV_PointContents (point);
	if (cont <= CONTENTS_WATER)
	{
		ent->v.watertype = cont;
		ent->v.waterlevel = 1;
		point[2] = ent->v.origin[2] + (ent->v.mins[2] + ent->v.maxs[2]) * 0.5;
		cont = SV_PointContents (point);
		if (cont <= CONTENTS_WATER)
		{
			ent->v.waterlevel = 2;
			point[2] = ent->v.origin[2] + ent->v.view_ofs[2];
			cont = SV_PointContents (point);
			if (cont <= CONTENTS_WATER)
				ent->v.waterlevel = 3;
		}
	}

	return ent->v.waterlevel > 1;
}

/*
============
SV_WallFriction

============
*/
static void SV_WallFriction (edict_t *ent, trace_t *trace)
{
	vec3_t forward, right, up;
	float  d, i;
	vec3_t into, side;

	AngleVectors (ent->v.v_angle, forward, right, up);
	d = DotProduct (trace->plane.normal, forward);

	d += 0.5;
	if (d >= 0)
		return;

	// cut the tangential velocity
	i = DotProduct (trace->plane.normal, ent->v.velocity);
	VectorScale (trace->plane.normal, i, into);
	VectorSubtract (ent->v.velocity, into, side);

	ent->v.velocity[0] = side[0] * (1 + d);
	ent->v.velocity[1] = side[1] * (1 + d);
}

/*
=====================
SV_TryUnstick

Player has come to a dead stop, possibly due to the problem with limited
float precision at some angle joins in the BSP hull.

Try fixing by pushing one pixel in each direction.

This is a hack, but in the interest of good gameplay...
======================
*/
static int SV_TryUnstick (edict_t *ent, vec3_t oldvel)
{
	int		i;
	vec3_t	oldorg;
	vec3_t	dir;
	int		clip;
	trace_t steptrace;

	VectorCopy (ent->v.origin, oldorg);
	VectorCopy (vec3_origin, dir);

	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
	{
		// try pushing a little in an axial direction
		switch (i)
		{
		case 0:
			dir[0] = 2;
			dir[1] = 0;
			break;
		case 1:
			dir[0] = 0;
			dir[1] = 2;
			break;
		case 2:
			dir[0] = -2;
			dir[1] = 0;
			break;
		case 3:
			dir[0] = 0;
			dir[1] = -2;
			break;
		case 4:
			dir[0] = 2;
			dir[1] = 2;
			break;
		case 5:
			dir[0] = -2;
			dir[1] = 2;
			break;
		case 6:
			dir[0] = 2;
			dir[1] = -2;
			break;
		case 7:
			dir[0] = -2;
			dir[1] = -2;
			break;
		}

		SV_PushEntity (ent, dir);

		// retry the original move
		ent->v.velocity[0] = oldvel[0];
		ent->v.velocity[1] = oldvel[1];
		ent->v.velocity[2] = 0;
		clip = SV_FlyMove (ent, 0.1, &steptrace);

		if (fabs (oldorg[1] - ent->v.origin[1]) > 4 || fabs (oldorg[0] - ent->v.origin[0]) > 4)
		{
			// Con_DPrintf ("unstuck!\n");
			return clip;
		}

		// go back to the original pos and try again
		VectorCopy (oldorg, ent->v.origin);
	}

	VectorCopy (vec3_origin, ent->v.velocity);
	return 7; // still not moving
}

/*
=====================
SV_WalkMove

Only used by players
======================
*/
#define STEPSIZE 18
static void SV_WalkMove (edict_t *ent)
{
	vec3_t	upmove, downmove;
	vec3_t	oldorg, oldvel;
	vec3_t	nosteporg, nostepvel;
	int		clip;
	int		oldonground;
	trace_t steptrace, downtrace;

	//
	// do a regular slide move unless it looks like you ran into a step
	//
	oldonground = (int)ent->v.flags & FL_ONGROUND;
	ent->v.flags = (int)ent->v.flags & ~FL_ONGROUND;

	VectorCopy (ent->v.origin, oldorg);
	VectorCopy (ent->v.velocity, oldvel);

	clip = SV_FlyMove (ent, host_frametime, &steptrace);

	if (!(clip & 2))
		return; // move didn't block on a step

	if (!oldonground && ent->v.waterlevel == 0)
		return; // don't stair up while jumping

	if (ent->v.movetype != MOVETYPE_WALK)
		return; // gibbed by a trigger

	if (sv_nostep.value)
		return;

	if ((int)sv_player->v.flags & FL_WATERJUMP)
		return;

	VectorCopy (ent->v.origin, nosteporg);
	VectorCopy (ent->v.velocity, nostepvel);

	//
	// try moving up and forward to go up a step
	//
	VectorCopy (oldorg, ent->v.origin); // back to start pos

	VectorCopy (vec3_origin, upmove);
	VectorCopy (vec3_origin, downmove);
	upmove[2] = STEPSIZE;
	downmove[2] = -STEPSIZE + oldvel[2] * host_frametime;

	// move up
	SV_PushEntity (ent, upmove); // FIXME: don't link?

	// move forward
	ent->v.velocity[0] = oldvel[0];
	ent->v.velocity[1] = oldvel[1];
	ent->v.velocity[2] = 0;
	clip = SV_FlyMove (ent, host_frametime, &steptrace);

	// check for stuckness, possibly due to the limited precision of floats
	// in the clipping hulls. Disable when using pr_checkextension to avoid
	// https://github.com/Shpoike/Quakespasm/issues/50.
	if (clip && !pr_checkextension.value)
	{
		if (fabs (oldorg[1] - ent->v.origin[1]) < 0.03125 && fabs (oldorg[0] - ent->v.origin[0]) < 0.03125)
		{ // stepping up didn't make any progress
			clip = SV_TryUnstick (ent, oldvel);
		}
	}

	// extra friction based on view angle
	if (clip & 2)
		SV_WallFriction (ent, &steptrace);

	// move down
	downtrace = SV_PushEntity (ent, downmove); // FIXME: don't link?

	if (downtrace.plane.normal[2] > 0.7)
	{
		if (ent->v.solid == SOLID_BSP)
		{
			ent->v.flags = (int)ent->v.flags | FL_ONGROUND;

			// SV_PushEntity() call SV_LinkEdict (true) that could free downtrace.ent
			if (downtrace.ent && !downtrace.ent->free)
				ent->v.groundentity = EDICT_TO_PROG (downtrace.ent);
		}
	}
	else
	{
		// if the push down didn't end up on good ground, use the move without
		// the step up.  This happens near wall / slope combinations, and can
		// cause the player to hop up higher on a slope too steep to climb
		VectorCopy (nosteporg, ent->v.origin);
		VectorCopy (nostepvel, ent->v.velocity);
	}
}

/*
================
SV_Physics_Client

Player character actions
================
*/
static void SV_Physics_Client (edict_t *ent, int num)
{
	if (!svs.clients[num - 1].active)
		return; // unconnected slot

	if (!svs.clients[num - 1].knowntoqc && sv_gameplayfix_spawnbeforethinks.value)
		return; // don't spam prethinks before we called putclientinserver.

	//
	// call standard client pre-think
	//
	pr_global_struct->time = qcvm->time;
	pr_global_struct->self = EDICT_TO_PROG (ent);
	PR_ExecuteProgram (pr_global_struct->PlayerPreThink);

	assert (!ent->free);
	//
	// do a move
	//
	SV_CheckVelocity (ent);

	//
	// decide which move function to call
	//
	switch ((int)ent->v.movetype)
	{
	case MOVETYPE_NONE:
		if (!SV_RunThink (ent))
			return;
		break;

	case MOVETYPE_WALK:
		if (!SV_RunThink (ent))
			return;
		if (!SV_CheckWater (ent) && !((int)ent->v.flags & FL_WATERJUMP))
			SV_AddGravity (ent);
		SV_CheckStuck (ent);
		assert (!ent->free);
		SV_WalkMove (ent);
		break;

	case MOVETYPE_TOSS:
	case MOVETYPE_BOUNCE:
	case MOVETYPE_GIB:
		SV_Physics_Toss (ent);
		break;

	case MOVETYPE_FLY:
		if (!SV_RunThink (ent))
			return;
		SV_FlyMove (ent, host_frametime, NULL);
		break;

	case MOVETYPE_NOCLIP:
		if (!SV_RunThink (ent))
			return;
		VectorMA (ent->v.origin, host_frametime, ent->v.velocity, ent->v.origin);
		break;

	default:
		Host_EndGame ("SV_Physics_client: bad movetype %i", (int)ent->v.movetype);
	}

	//
	// call standard player post-think
	//
	SV_LinkEdict (ent, true);

	assert (!ent->free);

	pr_global_struct->time = qcvm->time;
	pr_global_struct->self = EDICT_TO_PROG (ent);
	PR_ExecuteProgram (pr_global_struct->PlayerPostThink);
}

//============================================================================

/*
=============
SV_Physics_None

Non moving objects can only think
=============
*/
static void SV_Physics_None (edict_t *ent)
{
	// regular thinking
	SV_RunThink (ent);
}

/*
=============
SV_Physics_Noclip

A moving object that doesn't obey physics
=============
*/
static void SV_Physics_Noclip (edict_t *ent)
{
	// regular thinking
	if (!SV_RunThink (ent))
		return;

	VectorMA (ent->v.angles, host_frametime, ent->v.avelocity, ent->v.angles);
	VectorMA (ent->v.origin, host_frametime, ent->v.velocity, ent->v.origin);

	SV_LinkEdict (ent, false);
}

/*
==============================================================================

TOSS / BOUNCE

==============================================================================
*/

/*
=============
SV_CheckWaterTransition

=============
*/
void SV_CheckWaterTransition (edict_t *ent)
{
	int cont;

	cont = SV_PointContents (ent->v.origin);

	if (!ent->v.watertype)
	{ // just spawned here
		ent->v.watertype = cont;
		ent->v.waterlevel = 1;
		return;
	}

	if (cont <= CONTENTS_WATER)
	{
		if (ent->v.watertype == CONTENTS_EMPTY)
		{ // just crossed into water
			SV_StartSound (ent, NULL, 0, "misc/h2ohit1.wav", 255, 1);
		}
		ent->v.watertype = cont;
		ent->v.waterlevel = 1;
	}
	else
	{
		if (ent->v.watertype != CONTENTS_EMPTY)
		{ // just crossed into water
			SV_StartSound (ent, NULL, 0, "misc/h2ohit1.wav", 255, 1);
		}
		ent->v.watertype = CONTENTS_EMPTY;
		ent->v.waterlevel = cont;
	}
}

/*
=============
SV_Physics_Toss

Toss, bounce, and fly movement.  When onground, do nothing.
=============
*/
static void SV_Physics_Toss (edict_t *ent)
{
	trace_t trace;
	vec3_t	move;
	float	backoff;

	// regular thinking
	if (!SV_RunThink (ent))
		return;

	// if onground, return without moving
	if (((int)ent->v.flags & FL_ONGROUND))
		return;

	SV_CheckVelocity (ent);

	// add gravity
	if (ent->v.movetype != MOVETYPE_FLY && ent->v.movetype != MOVETYPE_FLYMISSILE)
		SV_AddGravity (ent);

	// move angles
	VectorMA (ent->v.angles, host_frametime, ent->v.avelocity, ent->v.angles);

	// move origin
	VectorScale (ent->v.velocity, host_frametime, move);
	trace = SV_PushEntity (ent, move);

	if (trace.fraction == 1)
		return;
	if (ent->free)
		return;

	if (ent->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_BOUNCE)
		backoff = 1.5;
	else
		backoff = 1;

	ClipVelocity (ent->v.velocity, trace.plane.normal, ent->v.velocity, backoff);

	// stop if on ground
	if (trace.plane.normal[2] > 0.7)
	{
		if (ent->v.movetype != MOVETYPE_BOUNCE ||
			(sv_gameplayfix_bouncedownslopes.value ? DotProduct (trace.plane.normal, ent->v.velocity) : ent->v.velocity[2]) < 60)
		{
			ent->v.flags = (int)ent->v.flags | FL_ONGROUND;

			// SV_PushEntity() call SV_LinkEdict (true) that could free trace.ent
			if (trace.ent && !trace.ent->free)
				ent->v.groundentity = EDICT_TO_PROG (trace.ent);

			VectorCopy (vec3_origin, ent->v.velocity);
			VectorCopy (vec3_origin, ent->v.avelocity);
		}
	}

	// check for in water
	SV_CheckWaterTransition (ent);
}

/*
===============================================================================

STEPPING MOVEMENT

===============================================================================
*/

/*
=============
SV_Physics_Step

Monsters freefall when they don't have a ground entity, otherwise
all movement is done with discrete steps.

This is also used for objects that have become still on the ground, but
will fall if the floor is pulled out from under them.
=============
*/
static void SV_Physics_Step (edict_t *ent)
{
	qboolean hitsound;

	// freefall if not onground
	if (!((int)ent->v.flags & (FL_ONGROUND | FL_FLY | FL_SWIM)))
	{
		if (ent->v.velocity[2] < sv_gravity.value * -0.1)
			hitsound = true;
		else
			hitsound = false;

		SV_AddGravity (ent);
		SV_CheckVelocity (ent);
		SV_FlyMove (ent, host_frametime, NULL);
		SV_LinkEdict (ent, true);

		if (ent->free)
			return;

		if ((int)ent->v.flags & FL_ONGROUND) // just hit ground
		{
			if (hitsound)
				SV_StartSound (ent, NULL, 0, "demon/dland2.wav", 255, 1);
		}
	}

	// regular thinking
	if (SV_RunThink (ent))
		SV_CheckWaterTransition (ent);
}

//============================================================================

// track ED_Alloc during SV_Physics execution
static void SV_Physics_Alloc_Hook (edict_t *e)
{
	// track the newly allocated edicts in order to add them into the pushable_ent_cache.
	// this is OK because by construction free edicts cannot be reused immediatly,
	// so e is garanteed not to be in pushable_ent_cache already.
	// since they are just allocated, they have a blank state so we add all of them
	// to pushable_ent_cache regardless, and the pushable test will be made later on in SV_PushMove in any case.
	pushable_ent_cache[num_pushable_ent_cache++] = e;
}

/*
================
SV_Physics

================
*/
void SV_Physics (void)
{
	int		 i;
	int		 entity_cap; // For sv_freezenonclients
	edict_t *ent;

	ED_AllocHook_func previous_alloc_hook = NULL;

	int physics_mode;
	if (qcvm->extglobals.physics_mode)
		physics_mode = *qcvm->extglobals.physics_mode;
	else
		physics_mode = (qcvm == &cl.qcvm) ? 0 : 2; // csqc doesn't run thinks by default. it was meant to simplify implementations, but we just force fields to
												   // match ssqc so its not that large a burden.

	if (!physics_mode)
	{
		qcvm->time += host_frametime;
		return;
	}
	else if (physics_mode == 1)
	{ // for dp compat. note that this violates MOVETYPE_PUSH.
		for (i = 0, ent = qcvm->edicts; i < qcvm->num_edicts; i++, ent = NEXT_EDICT (ent))
		{
			if (ent->free)
				continue;
			SV_RunThink (ent);
		}
		qcvm->time += host_frametime;
		return;
	}

	// let the progs know that a new frame has started
	if (pr_global_struct->StartFrame)
	{
		pr_global_struct->self = EDICT_TO_PROG (qcvm->edicts);
		pr_global_struct->other = EDICT_TO_PROG (qcvm->edicts);
		pr_global_struct->time = qcvm->time;
		PR_ExecuteProgram (pr_global_struct->StartFrame);
	}

	// SV_CheckAllEnts ();

	//
	// treat each object in turn
	//
	ent = qcvm->edicts;

	if (sv_freezenonclients.value && qcvm == &sv.qcvm)
		entity_cap = svs.maxclients + 1; // Only run physics on clients and the world
	else
		entity_cap = qcvm->num_edicts;

	// fill the pushable entities cache
	if (sv_fastpushmove.value > 0.f)
	{
		num_pushable_ent_cache = 0;
		// beware, we skip entity 0 here:
		edict_t *check = NEXT_EDICT (qcvm->edicts);
		for (int e = 1; e < qcvm->num_edicts; e++, check = NEXT_EDICT (check))
		{
			if (check->free)
				continue;
			if (check->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_PUSH || check->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_NONE || check->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_NOCLIP)
				continue;

			pushable_ent_cache[num_pushable_ent_cache++] = check;
		}

		previous_alloc_hook = ED_AllocSetHook (SV_Physics_Alloc_Hook);
	}

	// for (i=0 ; i<sv.num_edicts ; i++, ent = NEXT_EDICT(ent))
	for (i = 0; i < entity_cap; i++, ent = NEXT_EDICT (ent))
	{
		if (ent->free)
			continue;

		if (pr_global_struct->force_retouch)
		{
			SV_LinkEdict (ent, true); // force retouch even for stationary

			if (ent->free)
				continue;
		}

		if (i > 0 && i <= svs.maxclients && qcvm == &sv.qcvm)
			SV_Physics_Client (ent, i);
		else if (ent->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_PUSH)
			SV_Physics_Pusher (ent);
		else if (ent->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_NONE)
			SV_Physics_None (ent);
		else if (ent->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_NOCLIP)
			SV_Physics_Noclip (ent);
		else if (ent->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_STEP)
			SV_Physics_Step (ent);
		else if (
			ent->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_TOSS || ent->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_GIB || ent->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_BOUNCE || ent->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_FLY ||
			ent->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_FLYMISSILE)
			SV_Physics_Toss (ent);
		else
			Host_EndGame ("SV_Physics: bad movetype %i", (int)ent->v.movetype);

		// johnfitz -- PROTOCOL_FITZQUAKE
		// capture interval to nextthink here and send it to client for better
		// lerp timing, but only if interval is not 0.1 (which client assumes)
		ent->sendinterval = false;
		if (!ent->free && ent->v.nextthink > qcvm->time &&
			(ent->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_STEP || ent->v.movetype == MOVETYPE_WALK || ent->v.frame != ent->oldframe))
		{
			int j = Q_rint ((ent->v.nextthink - ent->oldthinktime) * 255);
			if (j >= 0 && j < 256 && j != 25 && j != 26) // 25 and 26 are close enough to 0.1 to not send
				ent->sendinterval = true;
		}
		// johnfitz
	}

	if (pr_global_struct->force_retouch)
		pr_global_struct->force_retouch--;

	if (!(sv_freezenonclients.value && qcvm == &sv.qcvm))
		qcvm->time += host_frametime;

	if (sv_fastpushmove.value > 0.f)
		ED_AllocSetHook (previous_alloc_hook);
}
